By: Adv Safa
Jammu and Kashmir, once known primarily for its picturesque landscapes and tumultuous history, is gradually making strides towards a brighter future where women play a pivotal role. Over the past few decades, women in the region have emerged as powerful agents of change, defying traditional norms and contributing significantly to the state’s economic, social and political fabric. In the evolving story of Jammu and Kashmir, women are no longer just passive observers of history, but are shaping the future. The abrogation of Article 370 in August 2019 revoked Jammu and Kashmir’s special status, and the subsequent restructuring of the state into two Union Territories has opened up new avenues for development and progress. However, this transformation also comes with challenges, particularly for women, who have long struggled to find their voice in a region marked by conflict, conservatism and political uncertainty. Despite these obstacles, women in Jammu and Kashmir have shown remarkable resilience, rising above adversity to take on leadership roles, become entrepreneurs and spearhead social reforms. Their resilience is a source of inspiration for all who witness their journey.
Traditionally, agriculture, handicrafts and tourism have been the pillars of Jammu and Kashmir’s economy. However, women in the region are now stepping into the role of entrepreneurs, transforming these sectors and creating new opportunities for themselves and their communities. The Pashmina industry, one of the most iconic handicraft sectors, has seen a surge in female entrepreneurship, with women increasingly taking charge of businesses. Shahnaz Hussain, a pioneer in the beauty industry, is a shining example of this trend. Despite numerous hurdles, she has built a successful global brand, inspiring countless women in Kashmir to start their businesses. This growing trend of women moving beyond traditional gender roles and creating successful companies is a testament to their entrepreneurial spirit and significant contribution to Jammu and Kashmir’s economic growth.
Another example is Ruksana Shamas, the founder of ‘Saffron and Spice’, a successful online business selling organic saffron and other Kashmiri specialities. What began as a small, home-based initiative has now expanded, helping women farmers in the region sell their products directly to a global market. Ruksana’s success story is a testament to the growing influence of women entrepreneurs in an area once regarded as largely conservative. Women have also made their mark in tourism, significantly contributing to Jammu and Kashmir’s economy. Ayesha Iqbal, a travel consultant and founder of Kashmir Heaven, provides guided tours for international tourists, offering unique insights into the region’s culture, history, and natural beauty. By promoting responsible tourism and eco-friendly practices, Ayesha contributes to her region’s economic growth and empowers other women to engage in sustainable tourism ventures. Furthermore, Farah Bukhari, the co-founder of ‘Kashmir Saffron Boutique’, is transforming how saffron is marketed, elevating the status of Kashmiri saffron to international acclaim. With a strong focus on quality and ethical business practices, she is carving a niche in the global market and creating job opportunities for local women.
While the political landscape of Jammu and Kashmir has traditionally been male-dominated, women have made significant inroads in politics. One of the most prominent figures in recent times is Mehbooba Mufti, the former Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir and the first woman to hold the office. As the leader of the People’s Democratic Party, Mufti’s leadership during her tenure marked a period of significant change in the region. Although her tenure was short-lived, her role as a political leader sent a strong message about the potential for women to lead in an area where patriarchal norms have long prevailed. Mufti’s leadership is part of a broader shift in women’s political participation in Jammu and Kashmir. Women like Dr. Haseena Yaseen, the first woman elected to the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council, have also played a crucial role in representing the concerns of women and marginalised communities. The rise of women in political offices has been instrumental in pushing for policies that promote gender equality, better education, healthcare and economic empowerment for women in the region. Their efforts give hope for women’s rights in Jammu and Kashmir.
Beyond politics and business, women in Jammu and Kashmir have become powerful advocates for social change. Zainab Qadir, a social activist, has dedicated her life to addressing the educational needs of girls in rural Kashmir. Through her non-profit organisation, ‘Her Future Foundation’, she has helped hundreds of girls access education despite the challenges posed by the region’s political instability and geographical remoteness. Zainab’s work has been instrumental in breaking down barriers to education, providing scholarships, and mentoring young girls to help them achieve their full potential. Dr. Nilofer Khan, a renowned medical professional and social activist, has also made significant strides in raising awareness about mental health issues in Kashmir. In a region plagued by decades of conflict, mental health often goes unnoticed, but Nilofer has been at the forefront of advocating for better mental health care and support systems. Her work is helping to remove the stigma surrounding mental illness and providing crucial services to those in need. Another remarkable woman leading the charge for social change is Musarat Rafi, an environmental activist who has been working to address issues related to pollution, waste management and the conservation of Kashmir’s fragile ecosystems. Through her initiatives, Musarat inspires the youth, particularly women, to take action to improve the environment, showing that grassroots efforts can lead to significant societal transformation.
Education has long been a gateway for women’s empowerment in Jammu and Kashmir, and the region has seen a growing number of women educators, entrepreneurs and professionals. Dr. Shahnaz Wani, an academician and researcher, has significantly promoted education for girls in rural Kashmir. By establishing educational institutes and offering scholarships, she has helped improve literacy rates among women and paved the way for future generations of educated women. In recent years, the government and non-governmental organisations have worked together to promote female education, focusing on rural and conflict-affected areas. The ‘Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao’ (Save the Daughter, Educate the Daughter) campaign, launched in Jammu and Kashmir, has played a crucial role in shifting societal attitudes towards girls’ education. With the efforts of women like Shahnaz Wani and others, the literacy rate for women in the region has steadily increased, and more young girls are aspiring to higher education and careers in various fields.
Women in Jammu and Kashmir have repeatedly proven that they are not just survivors of a region marked by turmoil but are thrivers, innovators and change-makers. From political leadership to entrepreneurship, social advocacy to education, women are shaping their futures and the future of Jammu and Kashmir. As the region moves towards a new chapter, the continued empowerment of women will be crucial in building a prosperous, inclusive and peaceful society. The success stories of women like Mehbooba Mufti, Ruksana Shamas, Zainab Qadir and countless others serve as a beacon of hope and inspiration. They show that, even in the face of adversity, women in Jammu and Kashmir break barriers and lead towards a brighter and more inclusive future. The road ahead may still be long, but the women of Jammu and Kashmir are proving that they have the strength, vision and determination to shape the new landscape of the region for generations to come.
